Abu-Hayyeh S, Ovadia C, Lieu T, Jensen DD, Chambers J, Dixon PH, Lovgren-Sandblom A, Bolier R, Tolenaars D, Kremer AE, Syngelaki A, Noori M, Williams D, Marin JJG, Monte MJ, Nicolaides KH, Beuers U, Oude-Elferink R, Seed PT, Chappell L, Marschall H-U, Bunnett NW, Williamson C. Prognostic and mechanistic potential of progesterone sulfates in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and pruritus gravidarum. Hepatology 2015; 63: 1287–1298.
https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.28265
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Chappell LC, Bell JL, Smith A, Linsell L, Juszczak E, Dixon PH, Chambers J, Hunter R, Dorling J, Williamson C, Thornton JG. Ursodeoxycholic acid versus placebo in women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (PITCHES): a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet 2019; 394(10201): 849–860.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31270-X
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Chappell LC, Gurung V, Seed PT, Chambers J, Williamson C, Thornton JG. Ursodeoxycholic acid versus placebo, and early term delivery versus expectant management, in women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: semifactorial randomised clinical trial. British Medical Journal 2012; 344: e3799.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e3799

Dixon PH, Levine AP, Cebola I, Chan MMY, Amin AS, Aich A, Mozere M, Maude H, Mitchell AL, Zhang J, NIHR BioResource, Genomics England Research Consortium Collaborators, Chambers J, Syngelaki A, Donnelly J, Cooley S, Geary M, Nicolaides K, Thorsell M, Hague WM, Estiu MC, Marschall H-U, Gale DP, Williamson C. GWAS meta-analysis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy implicates multiple hepatic genes and regulatory elements. Nature Communications 2022; 13: 4840. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29931-z.

Dixon PH, Sambrotta M, Chambers J, Taylor-Harris P, Syngelaki A, Nicolaides K, Knisely AS, Thompson RJ, Williamson, C. An expanded role for heterozygous mutations of ABCB4, ABCB11, ATP8B1, ABCC2 and TJP2 in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Science Reports 2017; 7: 11823.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11626-x
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European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of liver diseases in pregnancy. Journal of Hepatology 2023; August. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2023.03.006.
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Geenes V, Chambers J, Khurana R, Wikström Shemer E, Sia W, Mandair D, Elias E, Marschall H-U, Hague W, Williamson C. Rifampicin in the treatment of severe intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2015; 189: 59&ndash63.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.03.020
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Geenes V, Chappell LC, Seed PT, Steer PJ, Knight, M, Williamson C. Association of severe intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy with adverse pregnancy outcomes: a prospective population-based case-control study. Hepatology 2014; 59(4): 1482–1491.
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Geenes V, Williamson C. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009; 15(17): 2049–2066.
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Glantz A, Marschall H-U, Mattsson L-Å. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: Relationships between bile acid levels and fetal complication rates. Hepatology 2004; 40(2): 467–474.
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Kremer AE, Martens JJWW, Kulik W, Ruëff F, Kuiper EMM, van Buuren HR, van Erpecum AJ, Kondrackiene J, Prieto J, Rust C, Geenes VL, Williamson C, Moolenaar WH, Beuers U, Oude Elferink RPJ. Lysophosphatidic acid is a potential mediator of cholestatic pruritus. Gastroenterology 2010; 139: 1008–1018.
https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2010.05.009
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Mitchell A, Ovadia C, Syngelaki A, Souretis K, Martineau M, Girling J, Vasavan, T, Fan HM, Seed PT, Chambers J, Walters JRF, Nicolaides K, Williamson C. Re-evaluating diagnostic thresholds for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: case-control and cohort study. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2021; 128(10): 1635–1644
https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16669
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Ovadia C, Seed PT, Sklavounos A, Geenes V, Di Illio C, Chambers J et al. Association of adverse perinatal outcomes of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy with biochemical markers: results of aggregate and individual patient data meta-analyses. The Lancet 2019; 393(10174): 899–909.
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Pataia V, Dixon, PH, Williamson C. Pregnancy and bile acid disorders. American Journal of Physiology – Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2017; 313(1): G1–G6.
https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00028.2017
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Schultz F, Hasan A, Alvarez-Laviada A, Miragoli, M, Bhogal N, Wells S, Poulet C, Chambers, J, Williamson C, Gorelik J. The protective effect of ursodeoxycholic acid in an in vitro model of the human fetal heart occurs via targeting cardiac fibroblasts. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology 2016; 120(1–3): 149–163.
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Vasavan T, Deepak S, Jayawardane IA, Lucchini M, Martin C, Geenes V, Yang J, Lövgren-Sandblom A, Seed PT, Chambers J, Stone S, Kurlak L, Dixon PH, Marschall H-U, Gorelik J, Chappell L, Loughna P, Thornton J, Pipkin FB, Hayes-Gill B, Fifer WP, Williamson C. Fetal cardiac dysfunction in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is associated with elevated serum bile acid concentrations. J Hepatol 2020; 74(5): 1087–96.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.11.038.

Wikström Shemer E, Marschall HU, Ludvigsson JF, Stephansson O. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and associated adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes: a 12-year population-based cohort study. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2013; 120(6): 717–723.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.12174
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Zöllner J, Finer S, Linton KJ, Genes and Health Research Team, van Heel DA, Williamson W, Dixon PH. Rare variant contribution to cholestatic liver disease in a South Asian population in the United Kingdom. Scientific Reports 2023; 13(8120). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33391-w.